SS-31

SS-31, also known as Elamipretide, is a mitochondria-penetrating tetrapeptide that has gained significant attention for its ability to repair and protect mitochondrial function, improve cellular energy production, and reduce oxidative stress. Designed to target cardiolipin — a lipid unique to the inner mitochondrial membrane — SS-31 enhances mitochondrial structure and efficiency, making it one of the most promising peptides in anti-aging, cardiac health, and neuroprotection research.

Originally developed to treat mitochondrial diseases, SS-31 has since shown broad applications in age-related decline, metabolic dysfunction, and organ protection (especially heart, brain, and kidneys).